Modelling the obstacles affecting the development of ecological tourism (case study: Yasouj-Sepidan road)

Document Type : Original Research Articles

Authors

1 PhD student of Urban Planning Department, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Islamic Azad University, Yasouj Branch, Yasouj, Iran.

2 Assistant Professor, Department of Geography and Urban Planning, Faculty of Geography, Marvdasht Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht, Iran.

3 Associate Professor of Urban Architecture Department, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Islamic Azad University, Yasouj Branch, Shahriasouj, Iran.

Abstract

One of the important areas in the field of natural tourism in Iran is Yasouj city, especially the Yasouj-Sepidan road, but despite its potential capacities, this road has not found a place in the field of tourism. In this regard, the aim of the current research is to evaluate the impact of ecological tourism obstacles using an interpretive structural model on the Yasouj-Sepidan road, which has been carried out with a descriptive-analytical method. In the process of preparing and generating data, firstly, the factors affecting the development of ecological tourism in Yasouj-Sepidan have been identified using the opinions of 15 experts in this subject and professors and experts in relevant organizations through the Delphi method. In order to analyze the information of 15 factors as strong influencing factors of Yasouj-Sepidan ecological tourism, interpretive-structural modeling and then MicMac software have been used. The results of the research showed the lack of proper planning by responsible government institutions, weak private sector investment, weak government investment, lack of independent organization to hire experienced and competent managers and organize tourist organizations, and lack of specialized and trained personnel. In the region, the weakness of management and the weakness of education and publicity in the field of tourism culture development, the failure to provide the necessary facilities and permits from the government are the most effective levels, and the three obstacles are the lack of suitable hotels for tourist accommodation, the inappropriateness of health and service facilities, and the inappropriateness of facilities and equipment. In addition, out of the 15 obstacles to the advancement of ecological tourism in the Yasouj-Sepidan road, 10 obstacles are variables that have high influence and dependence, and 5 obstacles are dependent variables that have weak influence but high dependency. Recommendations are provided at the end of the paper.

Keywords

Main Subjects


Alizadeh Azar, K., Ahmad Tozeh, V., & Azizian, P. (2015). An analysis of the state of tourism development and major obstacles to attract tourists in cities (case example: Mahabad), Urban Tourism Journal, 2(3), 233-252.dio. 10.22059/JUT.2015.58446 [In Persian]
Alves, B., Ballester, Ferreira, Ó., Benavente, J. (2017). How feasible iscoastal management? A social benefit analysis of a coastal destination in S W Spain, Tourism Management, 60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2016.12.004.
Baggio, R., (2019). Measuring Tourism: Methods, Indicators, and Needs. ©Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature 2019 E. Fayos-Solà, C. Cooper (eds.),The Future of Tourism, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-89941-1_13.
Biranvandzadeh, M.,Sarani, S.,Karmi, F., & Khodadad, M. (2017). Factors affecting the development of tourism in the coastal villages of Sistan and Baluchistan province (Tis village, Chabahar city), Land Geography Engineering Journal, 1(2), p. 109-139. https://www.jget.ir/article_50436.html [In Persian]
Boniadi, T., Tayyabnia, S. H., & Hamidianpour, M., (2022). identification and analysis of tourism development obstacles in the Oman Sea (case study: coasts of Sistan and Baluchistan province). Geographical studies of coastal areas, 3(2), 27-47. dio 10.22124/GSCAJ.2022.20612.1104 [In Persian]
Boukley, R. (2012). Sustainable tourism: Research and reality. Annals of Tourism Research, 39, 528-546. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2012.02.003.
Choi, C., & Sirakaya, A. (2006). Sustainability indicator for managing community tourism. Tourism Management, 27,1274–1289https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2005.05.018.
Dangi, T.B. and Tazim, J., (2018). An Integrated Approach to “Sustainable Community-Based Tourism”. Sustainability, v. 8, 475, doi:10.3390/su8050475.
Farahani, H., Manouchehri, S. (2015), Identification of obstacles and problems of tourism development in rural areas, the target of tourism in the west of Marivan city, Publication: Research and Rural Planning, 4(1), 161-172. https://ensani.ir/file/download/article/20151008091049-9915-89.pdf [In Persian]
Fortuny, M., Soler, R., Cánovas, C., & Sánchez, A. (2008). Technical approach for a sustainable tourism development. Case study in the Balearic Islands. Journal of Cleaner Production, 16(7), 860 -869. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2007.05.003
Ghasemizad, A.R., Dehghanfar, S. (2017). Identifying the problems of tourism industry development in Bushehr coastal province and providing appropriate solutions. Tourism and Development, 6(1), 178-194.dio. 10.22034/JTD.2020.110401 [In Persian]
Gonzalez Fonseca, F. (2012). Challenges and opportunities in the world of tourism from the point of view of ecotourism. Higher Learning Research Communications, 2(4), 5-22. DOI:10.18870/hlrc.v2i4.82.
Gooderzi, K. (2021), Rural development in Iran with an emphasis on tourism and examining its obstacles, Tourism Management and Industry Quarterly, 2(2), 24-35. https://civilica.com/doc/1406942. [In Persian]
Gutiérrez, J., García-Palomares, J.C., Romanillos, G. and Salas-Olmedo, M.H., (2017). The eruption of Airbnb in tourist cities: Comparing spatial patterns of hotels and peer-to-peer accommodation in Barcelona. Tourism Management, v. 62. 278-291. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2017.05.003.
Habibi Biron, F., Gholami, Y., Shahrokhi Sardo, S., & Shafiei, N. (2023). Spatial analysis of social security on the mental security of tourists from the perspective of residents (Case study: urban areas of Kashan). Geography and Regional Future Studies1(2), 83-97. doi: 10.30466/grfs.2023.54859.1015 [In Persian]
Hajbani Lahrodi, H., (2020). Challenges facing the development of tourism in Meshginshahr city, a case study of villages in the central part of Meshginshahr city, master's thesis under the guidance of Dr. Aristotle Yari, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Mohaghegh Ardabili University. https://ganj.irandoc.ac.ir/viewer/29408eb41bba27ec9aadcf59340f79dd?sample=1 [In Persian]
Hakim, F., Santoso, E. B., and Supriharjo, R. (2018). Coastal Planning for Sustainable Maritime Management. DOI 10.1088/1755-1315/79/1/012033.
Kayani Salmi, S., Bashaq, M. (2017). Identifying the effects of tourism and its role in the urban development of Kashan. Quarterly Journal of Urban Studies, 7(25), 31-44.dio. 10.34785/J011.2018.022 [In Persian]
Kim, K. (2009). The effects of tourism impacts upon quality of life of residents in the community (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Blacksburg, Virginia. https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/server/api/core/bitstreams/8a5fd868-ddb9-4f79-bdd6-f99e8e7a96b4/content
Latifi, S., Naderi Mahdei, K., & Zulikhaei Siyar, L. (2012). Obstacles affecting the development of tourism activities in the rural areas of Hamadan (with emphasis on the target villages of tourism). Regional Planning Quarterly, 3(No. 9), 77-87. https://www.sid.ir/paper/484052/fa#downloadbottom [In Persian]
Laurel, J., Reida, S., L.J., Smith, Mc Closkey, R. (2007). The Effectiveness of Regional Marketing Alliances: A Case Study of the Atlantic Canada Tourism Partnership 2000 -2006, Journal of Tourism Management, 26 (2), 210 -230. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2007.05.005.
Law, R., Buhalis, D., & Cobanoglu, C. (2015). Progress on information and communication technologies in hospitality and tourism. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 26(5), 727–750. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-08-2013-0367.
Lee, T. H., Jan, F. H. (2019). Can community-based tourism contribute to sustainable development? Evidence from residents’ perceptions of the sustainability. Tourism Management Journal, 70, 368-380. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2018.09.003.
Lozano-Oyola, M., Blancas, F. J., González, M., & Caballero, R. (2012). Sustainable tourism indicators as planning tools in cultural destinations. Ecological indicators, 18, 659-675. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1470160X12000295
Mahdian Borojni, M., Ahmadvand, M. (2014). Analyzing the obstacles and challenges of rural tourism development in Dana region; The perspective of the host community. Geography and Regional Urban Planning, 4(10), 113-128. https://www.sid.ir/paper/236770/fa [In Persian]
Maitland, R., (2016). Everyday tourism in a world tourism city: Getting backstage in London.Asian Journal of Behavioural Studies, v. 1(1), p. 13-20. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ajbes.v1i1.16.
Maleki, S., Alizadeh, H. & Kamlifar, M.J. (2020), An analysis of urban tourism sustainability patterns in Ahvaz city, Tourism Management Studies, No. 49, pp. 181-201.dio. 10.22054/TMS.2020.11050 [In Persian]
Matthew, O. A., Ede, Ch., Osabohien, O., Ejemeyovwi, J., Ayanda, T., and Okunbor, j. (2019). Interaction Effect of Tourism and Foreign Exchange Earnings on Economic Growth in Nigeria. Sagepub Journal, PP.1-16. DOI: 10.1177/0972150918812985.
Maududi, Mah., Bouzarjamehri, Kh., Shayan, H., & Ziyai, M. (2015). The role of tourism in the economic and social developments of the target villages of the province, two-quarter journal of geography and regional development, 13(2), 28 -1. https://jgrd.um.ac.ir/article_31317_079f42d73a68cd2a60dc85907bf454d0.pdf [In Persian]
Miri, G., Ebrahimi, A., & Fatemi, M. (2023). An analysis of good urban and regional governance on sustainable tourism income (Case study: Birjand city). Geography and Regional Future Studies1(1), 67-81. doi: 10.30466/grfs.2023.121359 [In Persian]
Mohammadi Deh Cheshme, P. (2017), Strategic analysis of urban tourism development bottlenecks and opportunities (case study: Shahrekord city), applied research of geographic sciences (geographical sciences), 17(47), 19-37. http://jgs.khu.ac.ir/article-1-2555-fa.html [In Persian]
Najafi Kani, A., Najafi, K. (2020). Investigating the obstacles to the development of tourism in mountain villages with an emphasis on hydrotherapy. Case study: villages of Larijan district, Amel city. Journal of Geographical Survey of Space, 10(37), 245-258.dio. 10.30488/GPS.2019.195488.3079 [In Persian]
Samat, N., Harun, N. (2019). Urban Development Pressure: Challenges in Ensuring Sustainable Tourism Development in Langkawi Island, PSU-USM International Conference on Humanities and Social Sciences. Procedia- Social and Behavioral Sciences, 91,385– 394. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.08.435.
Shaukati Amghani, M., Ishaghi, R., Mahri, A., Rezaei, R., & Shabanali, F.H. (2016), Investigating the barriers to tourism development in the rural areas of Isku city (case study: Agh Gonbad coastal village) , Journal of Geographical Space, 16(53), 23-37. http://geographical-space.iau-ahar.ac.ir/article-۱-۲۳۴۷-fa.html [In Persian]
Simcock, T. and Smith, D., (2016). The-bedroom- boom-Airbnb-and-London. Residential Landlords Association. Retrieved from. https://news.rla.org.uk/ wp-content/uploads/2016/09/ The-BedroomBoom-Airbnb-and-London. pdf, 249 p.
Su, B. (2011). Rural tourism in China. Tourism Management, 32(6), 1438-1441. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0261517710002487
United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO)., 2015. Tourism Highlights. Calle Capitán Haya, 42 28020 Madrid, Spain. http://www.ireconomy.ir/images/page/Editor/files/9789284416899.pdf.
Xie, X., Zhang, L., Sun, H., Chen, F., & Zhou, C. (2021). Spatiotemporal difference characteristics and influencing factors of tourism urbanization in China’s major tourist cities. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(19), 10414. https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/19/10414