Document Type : Original Research Articles
Authors
1
Associate Professor, Department of Geography and Rural Planning, Faculty of Geography and Environmental Planning, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran.
2
PhD student in Geography and Rural Planning, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran
Abstract
The presence of Afghan nationals in Iran has a long history, particularly after the Islamic Revolution, when Iran hosted the largest population of Afghan refugees. One of the most significant challenges has been the illegal residence and presence of a large group of Afghans in rural settlements in recent years. The presence of Afghan nationals in rural communities of southeastern Iran, due to their proximity to eastern borders and cultural affinity, has had various geographical and social impacts. The objective of this qualitative study, conducted using grounded theory methodology, is to examine the effects and consequences of Afghan nationals' presence in the rural areas of Sib and Suran County. The sample population included 25 informed individuals, selected through snowball sampling. Data were collected through semi-structured and focused interviews and analyzed in three coding stages: open, axial, and selective. The findings were ultimately categorized into four main consequences. The results indicate that the presence of Afghan nationals in rural settlements has led to several socio-economic and structural impacts, ranked by importance, including: Increased vulnerability of the local community, Changes in the demographic structure of villages, Low adherence to legal regulations, Illegal employment, Emergence of competition over resource access, Insufficient infrastructure and services to meet the growing population, Increase in unauthorized movements, and other related challenges.
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