آینده‌پژوهی مؤلفه زیست‌محیطی در شهرهای آموزش‌دهنده: رهیافتی بر اساس تجارب جهانی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه شهرسازی، دانشکده عمران، معماری و هنر، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

2 استاد، گروه شهرسازی، دانشکده عمران، معماری و هنر، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

3 دانشیار، گروه شهرسازی، دانشکده عمران، معماری و هنر، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

در عصر حاضر، چالش‌های زیست‌محیطی، ضرورت کاهش محدودیت‌های زمانی و مکانی آموزش زیست‌محیطی در شهرها را افزایش داده است و نیاز به چارچوب‌های آموزشی مؤثر در این زمینه احساس می‌شود؛ بنابراین، تحقیق پیش­رو به بررسی این سؤال پرداخته که مدل مفهومی مؤلفه زیست‌محیطی شهر آموزش‌دهنده در ایران مبتنی بر تجارب جهانی بر پایه چه معیارها و شاخص‌هایی است، در ادامه، پژوهش حاضر با هدف آینده‌پژوهی مؤلفه زیست‌محیطی در شهرهای آموزش‌دهنده مبتنی بر تجارب جهانی، به بررسی معیارها و شاخص‌های مؤثر در این زمینه پرداخته است. این تحقیق با فلسفه تفسیرگرایانه، رویکرد استقرایی و راهبرد کاربردی، به روش توصیفی-تحلیل محتوا و با بهره‌گیری از داده‌های ترکیبی (کیفی-کمی) انجام‌شده است. جامعه آماری شامل 30 نفر از متخصصان شهرسازی بوده­اند که به روش در دسترس انتخاب‌شده‌اند. داده‌ها نیز از طریق مطالعات کتابخانه‌ای و میدانی و با ابزار اسناد و مدارک و پرسشنامه خبرگان گردآوری‌شده است. یافته­های پژوهش، مبتنی بر تحلیل محتوای 10 تجربه موفق جهانی و با استفاده از آزمون فریدمن و معادلات ساختاری، نشان داد که 6 معیار آگاهی‌ها، نگرش‌ها، سیاست‌ها، مهارت‌ها، رفتارها و تعاملات اجتماعی زیست‌محیطی، به‌ترتیب با وزن‌های 3.71، 3.54، 3.48، 3.45، 3.42 و 3.40، بر توسعه زیست‌محیطی و ابعاد آن شامل حفاظت از زیست‌بوم‌های آبی، استفاده بهینه از منابع طبیعی و انرژی‌ها، حفاظت از محیط‌زیست، توسعه سبز شهری، ارتقای سلامت و بهداشت عمومی، حفظ تنوع زیستی و مدیریت پسماند به‌ترتیب با 29.66، 28.11، 27.44، 23.33، 18.94، 17.36 و 6.70 واحد تأثیرگذار بوده است. نتایج آشکار کرد که اتخاذ رویکردی جامع با بهره­گیری از ظرفیت شهر به‌عنوان بستری برای آموزش زیست‌محیطی، با تمرکز بر ارتقای آگاهی، مهارت، نگرش و رفتارهای زیست‌محیطی و همچنین تقویت تعاملات اجتماعی و اصلاح سیاست‌ها، می‌تواند زمینه آموزش محیط‌زیست و دستیابی به توسعه زیست‌محیطی را فراهم سازد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Futures Studies of the Environmental Component in Educating Cities: An Approach Based on Global Experiences

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sara Feli 1
  • Farah Habib 2
  • Hossein Zabihi 3
1 Ph.D. Student, Department of Urban Development, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Art, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 Professor, Department of Urban Development, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Art, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Department of Urban Development, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Art, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

In the present era, environmental challenges have increased the necessity of reducing the temporal and spatial limitations of environmental education in cities, and the need for effective educational frameworks in this field is felt. In this regard, the current  Futures Studies research examines the criteria and indicators important in the conceptual model of the environmental component of the educating city in Iran which is based on global experiences, further, the present research aims to analyze effective criteria and indicators in the environmental component in the educating cities with the use of global experiences. This research is conducted with an interpretive philosophy, an inductive approach, and an applied strategy, employing a descriptive-content analysis method and utilizing mixed methods design (qualitative-quantitative). The statistical population consists of 30 urban planning experts selected through a convenience sampling method. The data has been collected through library and field studies and data collection tools of documents and expert questionnaires. The findings of the research, based on the content analysis of 10 successful global experiences and using the Friedman test and structural equations, showed that 6 criteria of awareness, attitudes, policies, skills, behaviors and social-environmental interactions, with weights of 3.71 and 3.54, 3.48, 3.45, 3.42 and 3.40, respectively, on environmental development and its dimensions, including protection of aquatic ecosystems, optimal use of natural resources and energies, environmental protection, urban green development, promotion of public health, preservation of biodiversity and waste management have been effective with 29.66, 28.11, 27.44, 23.33, 18.94, 17.36 and 6.70 units respectively. The results reveal that adopting a comprehensive approach by utilizing the city’s capacity as a platform for environmental education, focusing on enhancing awareness, skills, attitudes, and behaviors, as well as strengthening social interactions and reforming policies, can create a conducive environment for environmental education and achieve environmental development.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Educating city
  • Environmental education
  • Criteria of the environmental component
  • Global experiences
  • Environmental development

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