آینده‌پژوهی ارتقای بهره‌وری نیروی کار در بستر اقتصاد دانش‌بنیان در پهنه سرزمین ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار گروه علوم اقتصادی، دانشکده علوم اقتصادی، دانشگاه بین‌المللی اهل‌ بیت (ع)، تهران، ایران

2 استادیار گروه آموزشی اقتصاد بازرگانی، دانشکده اقتصاد، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی، تهران، ایران

3 دانش‌آموخته مقطع کارشناسی ارشد، گروه علوم اقتصادی، دانشکده علوم اقتصادی، دانشگاه بین‌المللی اهل‌ بیت (ع)، تهران، ایران

چکیده

هدف اصلی پژوهش حاضر ارتقای بهره‌وری نیروی کار در پهنه سرزمین ایران در بستر مؤلفه‌های اقتصاد دانش‌بنیان است. در اقتصاد دانش‌بنیان، تولید، توزیع و بازدهی دانش، محرک اصلی رشد اقتصادی، ثروت و اشتغال در تمامی سطوح سازمان می‌باشد. دانش، موجب بهبود و ارتقای بهره‌وری، افزایش تولید و رشد پایدار اقتصادی می‌شود. در تحقیق حاضر که تأثیر چهار مؤلفه تحت عنوان مؤلفه‌های ترکیبی اقتصاد دانش‌بنیان و متغیرهای توضیحی مانند تولید ناخالص داخلی، مخارج دولت و تورم، روی ارتقای بهره‌وری نیروی کار در سی‌ویک استان ایران بررسی‌شده است، جهت دستیابی به نتایج تحقیق، از روش اقتصادسنجی پانل دیتا (حداقل مربعات کاملاً اصلاح‌شده) و نسخه ۱۲ نرم‌افزار EViews استفاده‌شده است. به‌منظور بررسی پویایی و ایستایی متغیرها، همبستگی و رابطه بلندمدت میان آن‌ها از آزمون‌های ریشه واحد و کائو و برای سطح معناداری، اثرات ثابت و تصادفی مدل از آزمون‌های اف‌لیمر و هاسمن استفاده‌شده است که با سطح اطمینان ۹۵ درصد پانل بودن و اثرات ثابت مدل تأیید شد. نتایج این پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که مؤلفه‌های ترکیبی اقتصاد دانش‌بنیان بر بهره‌وری نیروی کار در استان‌های ایران، تأثیر مثبت و معنی‌دار داشته و متغیرهای تولید ناخالص داخلی و مخارج دولت نیز تأثیر مثبت و معنی‌دار بر بهره‌وری نیروی کار دارند اما میان تورم و بهره‌وری نیروی کار، رابطه منفی و معنی‌دار برقرار است. نتیجه می‌گیریم که ارتقای بهره‌وری نیروی کار در پهنه سرزمین ایران در آینده، متأثر از مؤلفه‌های ترکیبی اقتصاد دانش‌بنیان بوده است؛ بنابراین سیاست‌گذاران اقتصادی جهت ارتقای بهره‌وری در استان‌های ایران می‌بایست در آینده توسعه پارک‌های علمی و فناوری، توسعه مراکز رشد و کارآفرینی، مهارت نیروی انسانی، توسعه زیرساخت‌های فناوری و توسعه دوره‌های آموزشی و پژوهشی را در دستور کار خود قرار دهند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Future research on enhancing labor productivity within the framework of a knowledge-based economy across the expanse of Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Ghaffary Fard 1
  • Seyyed Hasan Ghavami 2
  • Rashid Saberizadeh 3
1 Associate Professor, Department of Economic Sciences, Faculty of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Ahlul Bayt International University, Tehran, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Business Economics, Faculty of Economics, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran.
3 Master's degree student, Department of Economic Sciences, Faculty of Economic Sciences, Ahul Bayt International University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

The primary objective of this research is to enhance labor productivity across the Iranian territory through the components of a knowledge-based economy. In a knowledge-based economy, the production, distribution, and utilization of knowledge are the main drivers of economic growth, wealth, and employment at all organizational levels. Knowledge leads to improved productivity, increased production, and sustainable economic growth. This study examines the impact of four components categorized as composite components of a knowledge-based economy, along with explanatory variables such as Gross Domestic Product, government expenditures, and inflation, on improving labor productivity in 31 provinces of Iran. To achieve the research goals, the panel data econometrics method (Fully Modified Least Squares) and version 12 of the EViews software were used. To examine the dynamics and stationarity of the variables, the unit root and Kao tests were employed. For the significance level, the fixed and random effects model was tested using the F-Limer and Hausman tests. With a 95% confidence level, it was confirmed that the model was panel data-based and had fixed effects. The results of this study indicate that the composite components of the knowledge-based economy have a positive and significant impact on labor productivity in the provinces of Iran. Moreover, the variables of Gross Domestic Product and government expenditures also have a positive and significant impact on labor productivity, while a negative and significant relationship exists between inflation and labor productivity. We conclude that enhancing labor productivity across the Iranian territory is influenced by the composite components of the knowledge-based economy. Therefore, economic policymakers aiming to improve labor productivity in the provinces of Iran should prioritize the development of science and technology parks, expansion of growth and entrepreneurship centers, human resource skills development, technological infrastructure development, and the promotion of training and research programs.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Knowledge-Based Economy
  • Labor Productivity
  • Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
  • Government Expenditure
  • Inflation

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جغرافیا و آینده پژوهی منطقه‌ای
دوره 2، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 7
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