ارزیابی شاخص‌های بهداشت و درمان با استفاده از مدل تصمیم‌گیری چند شاخصه اِیداس (مطالعه موردی: شهرستان‌های استان چهارمحال و بختیاری)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشکده جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی محیطی، دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان، زاهدان، ایران.

2 دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان، زاهدان، ایران.

3 کارشناسی ارشد جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان، زاهدان، ایران.

چکیده

یکی از پیامد­های منفی کمبود خدمات بهداشتی و درمانی در یک منطقه، کاهش سطح سلامت افراد است که باعث کاهش توان کار و درآمد و نهایتاً فقر اقتصادی می‌شود؛ بنابراین برای رفع مشکلات در زمینه برخورداری از خدمات بهداشتی و درمانی باید به شناسایی نواحی محروم در جهت ارائه خدمات­دهی مناسب پرداخت. در این تحقیق، با استفاده از 54 شاخص بهداشتی و درمانی، به رتبه‌­بندی شهرستان­‌های استان چهارمحال و بختیاری از نظر برخورداری از خدمات بهداشتی و درمانی پرداخته شد. تحقیق حاضر از نظر هدف، کاربردی و از نظر ماهیت و روش از نوع «توصیفی – تحلیلی» می‌باشد. آمار و اطلاعات مربوطه از طریق کتابخانه‌­ای و سالنامه آماری مرکز آمار ایران (سال 1395) استخراج گردید. تحلیل داده‌ها با استفاده از مدل آنتروپی شانون (جهت وزن­‌دهی) و تکنیک ایداس (برای رتبه­‌بندی) در قالب نرم‌­افزار­ Excel و همچنین نمایش وضعیت شهرستان‌­های استان چهارمحال و بختیاری با استفاده از نقشه کریجینگ در قالب نرم‌­افزار Arc GIS صورت گرفته‌­است. نتایج تحقیق حاکی از آن است که بعد بهداشت روستایی دارای وضعیت بهتر و بعد نهادی دارای وضعیت بدتری به لحاظ توزیع فضایی دارند. نتایج تکنیک ایداس نشان می‌دهد که از نظر شاخص‌های بهداشتی و درمانی، شهرستان شهرکرد با وزن 0.923 برخوردارترین شهرستان و بعد از آن شهرستان‌های فارسان با وزن 0.770، لردگان با 0.697، بروجن با 0.694، اردل با 0.573، کوهرنگ با 0.516، کیار با 0.478، سامان با 0.363، بن با وزن 0.352 به‌­ترتیب در رتبه­‌های دوم تا نهم و شهرستان خانمیرزا با وزن 0.163 در رتبه دهم (آخر) قرار گرفته­‌است. به­‌طور کلی، می‌­توان نتیجه گرفت که تفاوت زیادی بین شهرستان­‌های استان چهارمحال و بختیاری از نظر خدمات بهداشتی و درمانی وجود دارد که منجر به پایین آمدن سطح سلامت در برخی از شهرستان­‌ها شده است؛ بنابراین نگاه عدالت‌­محور در توزیع خدمات بهداشتی و درمانی برای بهبود کیفیت سلامت شهروندان لازم است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of health and treatment indicators using the EDAS multi-indicator decision-making model (Case study: Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hamid-Reza Rakhshaninasab 1
  • Mojtaba Soleimani Damaneh 2
  • Ahmad Barahoei 3
1 Department of Geography and Urban Planning, Faculty of Geography and Environmental Planning, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran.
2 PhD in geography and urban planning, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran.
3 Master of geography and urban planning, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran.
چکیده [English]

One of the negative consequences of the lack of health services in a region is the reduction in the health level of individuals, which reduces work capacity and income, and ultimately, economic poverty. Therefore, to solve the problems in the field of access to health services, it is necessary to identify deprived areas in order to provide appropriate services. In this study, using 54 health and medical indicators, the cities of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province were ranked in terms of access to health and medical services. The present study is applied in terms of its purpose and is of the "descriptive-analytical" type in terms of its nature and method. Relevant statistics and information were extracted from the library and the statistical yearbook of the Statistical Center of Iran (2016). Data analysis was carried out using the Shannon entropy model (for weighting) and the EDAS technique (for ranking) in the form of Excel software, and the status of the cities of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province was displayed using a Kriging map in the form of Arc GIS software. The results of the study indicate that the rural health dimension has a better situation, and the institutional dimension has a worse situation in terms of spatial distribution. The results of the EDAS technique show that, in terms of health and medical indicators, Shahrekord county, with a weight of 0.923, is the most prosperous county, followed by Farsan county with a weight of 0.770, Lordegan with 0.697, Borujen with 0.694, Ardel with 0.573, Kohrang with 0.516, Kiar with 0.478, Saman with 0.363, Ben with a weight of 0.352, respectively, in the second to ninth ranks, and Khanmirza county with a weight of 0.163 is in the tenth (last) rank. In general, it can be concluded that there is a large difference between the counties of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province in terms of health and medical services, which has led to a decrease in the level of health in some counties. Therefore, a justice-oriented approach to the distribution of health and medical services is necessary to improve the quality of health of citizens.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Health and treatment Services
  • Edas technique
  • Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari
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