شناسایی پیشران‌های فرایند حدنگاری (کاداستر) اراضی کشاورزی در ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران

2 استاد گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران

3 دانشجوی دکتری گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران

چکیده

کاداستر اراضی کشاورزی یکی از ابزارهای کلیدی در مدیریت زمین و توسعه پایدار است که می‌تواند موجب شفاف‌سازی مالکیت، کاهش تعارضات حقوقی و بهبود بهره‌وری در بخش کشاورزی شود. چالش‌هایی همچون نبود داده‌های دقیق، ضعف قوانین و پیچیدگی‌های اداری مانع تحقق کامل این نظام در ایران هستند. در این پژوهش با هدف شناسایی پیشران‌های کلیدی و تحلیل آینده‌های محتمل کاداستر، از رویکرد آینده‌پژوهی و ابزار «ماتریس تأثیرات متقاطع» در نرم‌افزار MICMAC بهره گرفته شد. رویکرد تحقیق آمیخته بوده و با ترکیب داده‌های کمی و کیفی و استفاده از پرسشنامه، مصاحبه و مشاهده انجام‌شده است. جامعه آماری شامل متخصصان حوزه‌های کشاورزی، منابع طبیعی، جغرافیا و فناوری اطلاعات بود که به‌صورت هدفمند انتخاب شدند. روایی ابزار با روش دلفی و نظر خبرگان و پایایی آن با انتخاب دقیق مشارکت‌کنندگان تأیید شد. نتایج نشان داد که پیشران‌های اثرگذار بر نظام کاداستر در چهار دسته اصلی جای می‌گیرند: فناورانه، نهادی-حقوقی، اقتصادی-اجتماعی و زیست‌محیطی. متغیرهایی نظیر «شفافیت مالکیت»، «هماهنگی نهادی»، «پیشرفت فناوری‌های مکانی» و «سرمایه‌گذاری در زیرساخت‌های دیجیتال» بیشترین قدرت اثرگذاری و حساسیت را دارند. بر این اساس، موفقیت اجرای کاداستر در گرو توسعه فناوری‌های نوین، اصلاح چارچوب‌های حقوقی، افزایش مشارکت اجتماعی، همکاری نهادی و بهره‌گیری از مزایای اقتصادی آن است. یافته‌ها بیانگر آن است که کاداستر صرفاً یک ابزار فنی نیست، بلکه سامانه‌ای چندبعدی است که تحقق آن نیازمند توجه هم‌زمان به ابعاد مختلف حکمرانی زمین می‌باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Identifying the drivers of the cadastral process of agricultural lands in Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hossein Karimzadeh 1
  • Mohammad Zaheri 1
  • Akbar Asghari zamani 2
  • Abolfazl Hosseinjani 3
1 Department of Rural Planning, Faculty of Planning and Environmental Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
2 Department of Urban Planning, Faculty of Planning and Environmental Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
3 Department of Rural Planning, Faculty of Planning and Environmental Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Cadastral systems for agricultural land are considered a fundamental tool for land management and sustainable development, as they enhance ownership transparency, reduce legal disputes, and improve agricultural productivity. However, challenges such as a lack of accurate data, outdated legislation, and administrative complexities have hindered their full implementation in Iran. This study aims to identify key driving forces and analyze potential future scenarios of cadastral systems through a futures studies approach. The research employed the cross-impact matrix method using MICMAC software to explore interdependencies among variables. A mixed-methods design was adopted, combining quantitative and qualitative data through questionnaires, interviews, and field observations. The statistical population included experts in agriculture, natural resources, geography, and information technology, selected purposefully. Validity of the instruments was ensured using the Delphi method and expert reviews, while reliability was strengthened by carefully choosing specialized respondents. The findings reveal that the driving forces influencing cadastral systems can be categorized into four dimensions: technological, institutional-legal, socio-economic, and environmental. Variables such as “ownership transparency,” “institutional coordination,” “advancement of spatial technologies,” and “investment in digital infrastructure” were identified as having both high influence and high sensitivity. Accordingly, the successful implementation of cadastral systems depends on the adoption of innovative technologies, legal reforms, active social participation, institutional collaboration, and leveraging economic benefits for sustainable development. The results highlight that cadastral systems are not merely technical tools but multidimensional governance mechanisms requiring simultaneous attention to technological, legal, social, institutional, and economic aspects in order to ensure their effectiveness in the agricultural sector.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Agricultural Land
  • Cadastre
  • Futures Studies
  • Key Drivers
  • Land Governance
  • Sustainable
  • Development

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جغرافیا و آینده پژوهی منطقه‌ای
دوره 4، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 14
تابستان
شهریور 1405
صفحه 98-119

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