تبیین و تأثیر فقر بر مورفولوژی شهری (موردمطالعه: کلان‌شهر اهواز)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران.

2 استادیار گروه مهندسی شهرسازی، دانشگاه صنعتی جندی‌شاپور دزفول، دزفول، ایران.

چکیده

مسئله فقر، نه‌تنها یکی از مهم‌ترین مسائل جهان، بلکه یکی از مهم‌ترین مسائل و مشکلات داخلی کلیه جوامع، چه ثروتمند و چه فقیر می‌باشد. در چنین شرایطی جهت‌یابی توسعه کالبدی شهر (شکل و ریخت آن) به‌نوعی متأثر از پدیده فقر شهری می‌باشد. در این میان داشتن مطالعه‌ای جامع در خصوص اثرات فقر بر مورفولوژی شهری لازم و ضروری به نظر می‌رسد. به همین منظور پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی و سنجش تأثیرگذاری فقر بر مورفولوژی شهری در کلان‌شهر اهواز تدوین‌شده است. این پژوهش از نظر هدف کاربردی - نظری و به لحاظ ماهیت و روش، توصیفی- تحلیلی است. در پژوهش حاضر، با توجّه به ماهیت فرضیه‌ها و نوع متغیرها از روش‌های موجود در آمار توصیفی نظیر جداول توزیع فراوانی مطلق، میانگین جهت بررسی و مقایسه اطلاعات جمع‌آوری‌شده از طریق پرسشنامه و در بخش آمار استنباطی نیز از روش معادلات ساختاری (SEM) استفاده‌شده است که در نهایت برای تجزیه‌وتحلیل و به‌کارگیری این آزمون‌ها از نرم‌افزار SPSS و EQS استفاده شد. یافته­های حاصل از این مطالعه نشان می­دهد که بیشترین تأثیرگذاری و معناداری در مورد شاخص­های تحقیق مربوط به ابعاد مشکلات حقوقی – قانونی با میانگین (3.74)، انزوای جغرافیایی و تعدد نهادهای دخیل و تصمیم گیر با میانگین (3.62) هر کدام به ترتیب بیشترین تأثیرگذاری را بر مغیر موردمطالعه در تحقیق داشته است و در مراحل بعدی فعالیت‌های اقتصادی با (3.04) و اشتغال با (3.07)، کمترین تأثیرگذاری را بر متغیر موردمطالعه دارا بوده است. نتایج حاصل از معادلات ساختاری نشانگر این است که بین مؤلفه‌های فقر شهری با مؤلفه‌های ساختار کالبدی- فضایی مورفولوژی شهری رابطه معناداری وجود دارد؛ بنابراین جهت انجام اقدامات لازم نیازمند توجه جدی و برنامه سریع و منطقی مدیران و برنامه ریزان شهری و منطقه­ای است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Explanation and impact of poverty on city morphology (Case study: Ahvaz metropolis)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hoshang Moradi 1
  • Elias Mavedat 2
1 PhD student of Geography and Urban Planning, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Urban Engineering, Jundishapur University of Technology, Dezful, Iran.
چکیده [English]

The issue of poverty is not only one of the most important issues in the world but also one of the most important internal issues and problems of all societies, both rich and poor. In such a situation, the direction of the physical development of the city (its shape) is somehow affected by the phenomenon of urban poverty. Meanwhile, having a comprehensive study on the effects of poverty on urban morphology seems necessary. For this purpose, the current study was compiled to investigate and measure the impact of poverty on urban morphology in the Ahvaz metropolis. This research is applied-theoretical in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of nature and method. In the current research, considering the nature of the hypotheses and the type of variables, the methods available in descriptive statistics such as absolute frequency distribution tables and mean, were used to examine and compare the information collected through the questionnaire, and in the inferential statistics section, the structural equation method (SEM) was used. Finally, SPSS and EQS software were used to analyze and apply these tests. The findings of this study show that the most influential and meaningful research indicators are related to the dimensions of legal problems with a mean of (3.74), geographical isolation and the number of involved decision-making institutions with a mean of (3.62). Each of them has had the greatest impact on the variable under study. In the next stage, economic activities with (3.04) and employment with (3.07), have had the least impact on the studied variable. The results of the structural equations indicate that there is a significant relationship between the components of urban poverty and the components of the physical-spatial structure of urban morphology; Therefore, carrying out the necessary measures, requires serious attention and a quick and logical plan of managers and urban and regional planners.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Poverty
  • City Morphology
  • Planning
  • Ahvaz

مراجع

Alizadeh, H., & Sharifi, A. (2020). Assessing Resilience of Urban Critical Infrastructure Networks: A Case Study of Ahvaz, Iran. Sustainability 2020, 12, 3691. https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/12/9/3691
Allen, T., & Thomas, A. (Eds.). (2000). Pov-erty and Development into the 21st century. London: UK Oxford Uni-versity Press. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/30527381_Poverty_and_development_into_the_21st_Century.
Amanpour, S & Hosseini S.M. (2019). Modeling the effects of urban poverty on the physical-spatial structure of worn-out tissues (case study: Izeh city). Social Geography of Kerman, 7(2), p. 72. https://ensani.ir/file/download/article/1608617394-10090-17-4.pdf [In Persian]
Azimi, G., Akbari, R., & Mohsen, A. (1400). An overview of urban morphology. National Conference on Architecture, Civil Engineering, Urban Planning and Horizons of Islamic Art in the Statement of the Second Step of the Islamic Revolution, Tabriz University, pp. 1-10. https://acris.aalto.fi/ws/portalfiles/portal/99031381/FUPS2021_Proceedings.pdf [In Persian]
Bagheri, B., Majdi, H., & Habib, F. (2019). Analyzing the role of morphological characteristics of the structure in the physical development of the city by the method of space syntax. Scientific quarterly of geographical space, 20th year, number 77, page 2. http://geographical-space.iau-ahar.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1539-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1. [In Persian]
Bouzgarrou, A.R.‚ Claramunt, C.‚ & Rejeb, H. (2019). Visualizing urban sprawl effects of a Tunisian city: a new urban spatial configuration of Monastir, Journal Annals of GIS, 25)1(, 71-82. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/330292046_Visualizing_urban_sprawl_effects_of_a_Tunisian_city_a_new_urban_spatial_configuration_of_Monastir.
Deghagala, A & Kalher, S. (2011). Urban damages in Tehran, vandalism, runaway girls, female heads of household and begging, Tehran, Sociologists Publications.
Duclos, J. Y & Araar, A. (2006). Poverty and equity: measurement, policy and estimation with DAD (Vol. 4). Springer Science & Business Media. https://idrc-crdi.ca/en/book/poverty-and-equity-measurement-policy-and-estimation-dad
Farhadi, K.H., Hataminejad, H., Shahi, A & Masoud, Z. (2016). Spatial analysis of urban poverty at the neighborhood level, a research sample of Mashhad city, Journal of Urban Economics, 2(2), 17-36. https://ue.ui.ac.ir/article_22724_en.html?lang=en  [In Persian]
Gauthier, P & Gilliland, J. (2006). Mapping Urban Morphology: a classificathion scheme for interpreting contributions to the study of urban from”, Urban Morphology, 10(1), 41–50. doi: 10.51347/jum.v10i1.3926
Godarzi, M., Firozi, M. A & Saidi, O. (2019). Investigation and analysis of urban morphology barriers affecting the underdevelopment of public transportation in Ahvaz. Geography and environmental planning, 30(2), 91-120. https://gep.ui.ac.ir/article_24076.html?lang=en. [In Persian]
Gudarzi, M & Moradi, H. (2023). Investigation and analysis of factors affecting the phenomenon of urban poverty in Ahvaz metropolis. Journal of Urban Social Geography, 9(2), 47-64. https://jusg.uk.ac.ir/article_3638_en.html. [In Persian]
Haslam, P. A., Schafer, J., & Beaudet, P. (Eds). (2017). Introduction to inter-national development: Approaches, actors, issues and practice. New York: Oxford University Press. https://www.academia.edu/36141729/Paul_A_Haslam_Jessica_Schafer_and_Pierre_Beaudet_eds_Introduction_to_International_Development_Approaches_Actors_Issues_and_Practice_3rd_Ed_Don_Mills_Oxford_University_Press_2017_
Heidary, R., Gholami, Y., & Mousavi, M. (2017). The Effects of Urban Poverty on the Space-Frame Structure Old Tissues Cities (Case Study; Quarters Sultan Mir Ahmed and Darb-e-Esfahan in the Kashan City). Journal of Urban Social Geography, 4(2), 47-68. doi: 10.22103/JUSG.2018.1952 [In Persian]
Jones, A.N & Larkham, P. (1991). A Glossary of Urban From, Historical Geography Research Series no.26, Norwich, Geo books. https://www.sid.ir/fileserver/je/1016720151904
Lotfi, S., Hassanalizadeh, M. (2019). Spatial analysis of urban poverty in urban spaces) case study: Noorabad city, Earth Science Research, 11(41), 152-168. https://esrj.sbu.ac.ir/article_97244.html
Madanipour, A. (2006). Urban Design, Attitude on social spatial processes, Tr. Mortazaee, F., Tehran: Urban processing & planning company Pub. https://www.scirp.org/reference/referencespapers?referenceid=2638324. [In Persian]
Mohed, A., Nowrozi, S., Hataminejad, H., Zanganeh, A & Kamanroudi, K.M. (2016). Spatial analysis of urban poverty in Tehran metropolis. Quarterly Journal of Urban Economics and Management, 3(15), 19-36. https://iueam.ir/article-1-460-en.pdf. [In Persian]
Mosaverzadeh, S., Habib, F., & RashidZadeh, K. (2022). Explain the components of urban morphology based on urban resilience policy and indicators by factor analysis. Political Sociology of Iran, 5(11), 820-838. doi: 10.30510/psi.2022.326302.3002 [In Persian]
nabi E fijani, E. (2013). Investigating the relationship between morphology and sustainable development in cold and mountainous climates (an example of the old texture of Kermanshah city). The second national conference on climate, building and optimization of energy consumption with a sustainable development approach. https://civilica.com/doc/215862/  [In Persian]
Nazarian, A. A. (2008). Urban system dynamics. Tehran, Mobatkaran Publications. [In Persian]
Nikpour, A., Lotfi, S., & Hasanalizadeh, M. (2019). Urban-Poverty Spatial Analysis, Using Factor-Analysis Method (Case Study: Qaa'emshahr City). Spatial Planning, 9(1), 103-124. doi: 10.22108/sppl.2019.111833.1244[In Persian]
Oliveira, V. (2016). Urban morphology an introduction to the study of the physical form of cities, Switzerland. Springer. 181 -190. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-32083-0
Porter, C. M. & Sharapour, M. (2019). Urban poverty in Iran; Meta-analysis and a systematic review, studies of urban structure and function, 7(22), 61-71. https://shahr.journals.umz.ac.ir/article_2530_b19092bdb7fd9c92993a94b09e1b97ac.pdf?lang=en
Pourkhordmand, R. (2008). Cities in the process of globalization, World Report of Human Settlements, Tehran City Planning Studies Center. [In Persian]
Pourmohammadi, M. R, Sadr Mousavi, M. S., & Jamali, S. (2010). A review on Urban Morphology Schools. Journal of Arid Regions Geographic Studies, 2(5), 1-16. https://jargs.hsu.ac.ir/article_161283.html?lang=en  [In Persian]
Sen, A. (2001). Development as freedom. New York: Oxford University Press.
Simler, K., Harrower, S & Massigarela, C. (2003). Estimating Poverty Indices Form Simple indicators Surveys. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228962947_Estimating_Poverty_Indices_from_Simple_Indicator_Surveys
Statistical Yearbook. (2021). Ahvaz Municipality Planning Deputy. [In Persian]
UNDP and Oxford Poverty Initiative. (2019). Global multi-dimensional poverty index 2019, illuminating inequalities.
جغرافیا و آینده پژوهی منطقه‌ای
دوره 2، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 4
بهار
خرداد 1403
صفحه 54-68

فایل ها

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار